Analyzing Methods Used In Financial Reporting - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1560 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Nowadays, there are many different tools to help investor to analysis the stock market, but it can divided into two types which is fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Fundamental analysis is base on the corporation fundamental information, such as financial statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, prospective of the industry and so on. Technical analysis is relying on many technical skills, for example, Bar chart, moving average line, rsi, macd etc. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analyzing Methods Used In Financial Reporting" essay for you Create order In this report, we will analysis the usefulness and benefits of financial reporting to share purchasing or sale decisions by using the methods of efficiency market hypotheses (EMH), behavioral finance and financial information Capital market efficiency and efficiency market hypotheses (EMH) Capital market efficiency can investigate the efficiency and performance of capital markets. When news information available about particular company, if the news is bad, then the prices will drop, and if the news is good the prices will rise, capital market efficiency will revaluate its and fully reflect on the share prices reasonably and speedily. In this theory, the shares do not overvalue or undervalue, hence, nobody can make a profitable return or outperform the overall market by buying a under price shares or beat the market except by chance. There are three types of efficiency: Operational efficiency This is refers to the outlay, velocity and dependability of transactions in securities on the exchange. It is desirable that the market carries out its operations to minimize the cost as possible, dependably and quickly which can decrease the risk of the transaction, it also identified as an internally efficient market. Second is Allocation efficiency This is refers to the optimal allocation of resource, a company or society has a scarcity of resource which means theresource is not unlimited, therefore, allocational efficiency is designed for better allocation of resource to maximize the benefits. Pricing efficiency The participants can expect to gain a risk adjusted return from an investment as prices move suddenly and in an impartial approach to any news in the pricing efficient market. The efficiency market hypotheses (EMH) can only apply to type of pricing efficiency. According to EMH nobody can make a profit more than the fair value or outperform than the market, expect by chance, because past and present information is instantly indicated in the current prices, just new information can change the prices but new information is unpredictable, hence changes of future prices are unpredictable. There are three levels of efficiency which is created by Fama(1970): Weak-form efficiency Current prices of shares is fully reflect all past price movement, thus it can not be used to predict the future situation. Semi-strong form efficiency It not only contain past price movement in the share prices but also include all public information such as rights issues, dividend announcements, resignation of directors and so on. This type of EMH implies that no benefit on analysis the public information that has been announce since the information is assimilated into share prices already, therefore investor can not gain a return higher than normal. Strong-form efficiency The present share price is reflected all information in the market including private and public held. In the strong-from efficiency market even is insider such as director who will know more than normal investor. They also do not have advantage to generate a profit that exceeding the normal returns. Behavioral finance There are many attacks on the EMH by finance experts using the human behavioral literature and the knowledge of market. Since 1980s, there has a movement tend to absorb more behavioral science into finance. Behavioral finance is a theory that explains the effect of psychology on the behavior of the investor such as illogical or irrational decisions and the respond of succeeding effect with different situation on individual and the whole market. Behavioral finance merges with two subject which are economic and psychology, it is disguised the characteristics of market investors and the information structure systematically influence individuals investment decisions as well as market outcomes. The two major types of behavioral finance are limits to arbitrage (when markets will be inefficient) and the cognitive psychology (how people think). The most popular cognitive biases in finance are that investor unwillingness to realize losses. Investors tend to not confess that they have been m ade an error and evade selling the securities at losses. There are some of the most common cognitive biases: mental accounting, representativeness, overconfidence, framing, conservatism and disposition effect. Usefulness of financial information Financial information has a lot of purpose. For examples, participants can use financial information which can help them to realize the overall financial position of the corporation and determine whether or not to invest in the corporation, furthermore, it can assist them to recognize whether they can receive a positive return on their investment. When a company after positive earnings news is issued the prices will likely to continue upward for weeks or months. Also, prices will keep rising after a stock split is released. In opposite, when negative news is announced the prices will continue decrease. There is some most popular aspect when concerning the financial information: Depreciation It can report the true value of items that after depreciate over time such as equipment, buildings and cars. It is the ways that record the residual value of the assets. Current Ratio It is a very popular tool of financial analysis because they provide indication and sign of underlyi ng conditions. The ratio can help the investors to discover the situation and tendency that difficult to detect by examining individual components. For example: acid-test ratio, inventory turnover, accounts receivable turnover, total asset turnover and so on. Working Capital Working Capital is current assets less current liabilities. A company needs enough working capital to settle the current debts, to obtain benefit of cash discounts, and to hold adequate inventories. If company is running lower working capitals which indicate that the company is not likely to meet the current liabilities or to continue operating. When assessing a companys working capital, investors can not just look at the amount of current assets less current liabilities, also have to look at the ratio. The current ratio is defined as current assets divide by current liabilities. If the ratio is less then one, it implies that the company has not enough cash to pay its current liabilities which is risky for investors. The Income Statement It provides vast data for who interested in the financial health of the corporation. It presents how much profits are made after minus all expenses. If the expenses are too high, then it will get a low profit margin. In order to get a net income, the following expenses are deducted from revenue: selling and administrative expenses, taxes, cost of goods and other income and expenses. Taking HSCB annual reports of 2008, 2009 and 2010 as an example, when the corporation announced annual report on March at 2009, 2010 and 2011, it was recorded a profits which is 66milliona, 59 millions and 131millions respectively, after the announcement the stock continue to raise a period of time. Some research finds that financial information is useful in predicting future stock returns. Ou and Penman (1989) and Holthausen and Larcker (1992) demonstrate that financial information come from public financial statements can be use to successfully predict st ock returns for the coming period. In general, financial analysts are less willing to follow poor performing, low- volume, and small firms (Hayes 1998; McNichols and OBrien 1997), Ou and Penman (1989) show that an array of financial ratios created from historical financial statements can accurately predict future changes in earnings, while Holthausen and Larcker (1992) show that a similar statistical model could be used to successfully predict future excess returns directly. Conclusion To conclude this demonstrate by quoting Statman, Meir (1999) People are rational in standard finance; they are normal in behavioral finance. Rational people care about utilitarian characteristics, but not value-expressive ones, are never confused by cognitive errors, have perfect self-control, are always averse to risk, and are never averse to regret. Normal people do not obediently follow that pattern. Standard finance asks for too much when it asks for market efficiency in the rational sense, and investment professionals ask for too much when they insist that the primary contribution of behavioral finance is its potential help in beating the market. Accepting market efficiency in the sense of beating the markets and rejecting it in the sense of rationality would allow finance researchers to ask questions about the roles of investment professionals that go beyond the role of beating the market. Investment professionals belong to many groups, and we need to understand the benefits, both utilitarian and value expressive, they provide. EMH required all investors are rational, logical and unbiased, but in the real world it is difficult to do that, because human has felling, they can not always be rational, logical and unbiased, also there are many investors that lack of knowledge, they just follow the others which is similar to crowd psychology. Refer to the question form Mr. Right, EMH state that the share prices has already contain all the public information, in fact is that, we can see the example above, when the public information is issued, the share price will fluctuation influence by the news information for a period of time, therefore, investors to study the report and account of companies is very important. Furthermore, the behavioral finance is more suitable in the real words. Words Count: 1574

Obesity The Weight Of The Nation - 897 Words

According to the media article, Whose Fault is our Fat? Obesity solely stems from Americans not participating in enough physical activity. On the other hand, Family Stressors and Child Obesity, attributes the stem of childhood obesity to stressors, particularly family stressors. Another possible explanation for obesity, other than Americans not getting enough physical activity or stressors, comes from the movie, watched in lecture, The Weight of the Nation. This movie makes the connection of rates of obesity to living in poverty areas. The movie also firmly believes that Americans are turning to quick, processed, and readily made meals, instead of healthy food options. The article, Family Stressors and Child Obesity, does not entirely disagree with, Whose Fault is our fat? they believe that the theory of lack of exercise causes obesity needs to be expanded. Their idea of obesity stemming from stress is a relatively new discovery. Family Stressors and Child Obesity, surveyed over two thousand children and adolescence from age five to seventeen. The article looked for a connection between obesity and six common stressors: family disruption and conflict, mental and physical health problems, housing issues, health care struggles, financial strain, and lack of cognitive stimulation and emotional support. The connection they found was younger children were more likely to be overweight or obese if they resided in a household where cognitive stimulus and emotional support were notShow MoreRelatedThe Obesity Epidemic Is Disturbing The Financial And Social Stability Of The United States1481 Words   |  6 PagesAn Obesity epidemic is disturbing the financia l and social stability of the United States. 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Because childhood obesity is increasing worldwide and corrupting the lives of millions of children who won’t survive into their adulthood. Childhood obesity is a serious health issue that’s facing the United States. This topic captivated my attention to understanding the main problems and solutions to combating childhood obesity after watching; â€Å"Weight of the Nation† Children in Crisis. The types of information I found on the

Analysis of Architecture in Photography Essay - 1074 Words

Analysis of Architecture in Photography I have decided to look at architecture for my next genre in photography. I have chosen architecture as it is very different to fashion photography and looks at totally different materials and includes different characteristics. In the early years of photography, few if any photographers were specialists in any area other than commercial portraiture, which was the main area in which a living could be made from the new medium. Early photographers did fairly often photograph buildings, often working from the window of a convenient room rather than at street level. Many of the images from this era can truly be described as monumental, giving the subjects†¦show more content†¦Even thought the photo only consists of blue, it is made up of lots of different shades of blue. The lights on the building and around it stand out because they are a bright colour. I think the way the sea blue colour merges into the deep blue/black colour of the background works really well. The photograph doesn’t really have a story to it, as there isn’t much going on, it doesn’t have energy or any movement to it at all. However it could easily be a scene used in a film, such as an establishing shot. The photo has a certain peaceful feel to it. It is soothing to look at; this is because it is a calm, quiet setting- you can almost feel your presence there, staring into the beautiful view. I think the reason that the photo has such a positive, relaxing feel to it is down to the fact that the composition of the photo reminds you of a deep blue sea or a clear black sky. The photo has strong verticals and horizontal, which emphasise a static feel and the negative space. The picture has a large depth of field with the two buildings the centre point of it. Only natural lighting is used for this photo, therefore getting the exact time of day right would have been essential. The photo also has some negative points to it. The angle at which the photograph is taken from makes the picture looks really flat and plain, For instance ifShow MoreRelatedBauhaus: Influences on Photography and Architecture1648 Words   |  7 PagesHistory of Photography Final Research Project Bauhaus: Influences on Photography and Architecture After the defeat in the First World War and the fall of the German monarchy, Germany faced darkness and lost hope in the future. Walter Gropius, a German architect, who served in the war, saw the need of re-orienting the art world for the better (Westphal, 7). One year after the First World War, 1919, Gropius opened a school in Weimar, Germany called the Bauhaus school. His intentionRead MoreOrientalism in Art Essay1840 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"What was the process of ‘Orientalising’ according to Edward Said? 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Argumentative Essay On The Glass Castle - 720 Words

The title of the book, The Glass Castle, is repeated throughout the book as a dream that her father had. The family knew that he would never actually build the castle, but her father still talked about it like he would actually do it, and Jeanette would believe him. Jeanettes father made her many promises, but he did not follow through with the promises. Whenever she questioned him about the promises he made to her he justs says, â€Å"Have I ever let you down?† Jeanette knows that he had let her down but she does not say it, and she had â€Å"heard that question at least two hundred times† (Walls 210). For example, for her birthday Jeanette asks her father to stop drinking. He promises her that he would do anything for her â€Å"if it’s humanly†¦show more content†¦The Glass Castle represents the hope that is lost, and how it shatters like glass, like how the Walls family finds hope, but eventually lost it and went back to their old habits of just bare ly scraping by. The Glass Castle gave Jeanette and her family a false hope when they believed that their father would actually build the castle. Jeanette realizes that her father will not build the Glass Castle once she reaches adulthood, as she grows up she slowly begins to believe in this dream less and less. She stops believing in this because her father makes many promises to her, but he never fulfilled those promises. When they began to build the glass castle like her father told her they would, Brian and Jeanette had dug the foundation for the Glass Castle, her father tells her them to throw the trash into the hole, this is like calling their dream garbage. Even though they took so much time to build the foundation, believing that it was actually for the castle, â€Å"the hole for the Glass Castle’s foundation slowly filled with garbage† (Walls 155). He told them many times that they would build the castle, and that they only needed money to build it, but they ne ver do. Even when they actually have money from Jeanette’s grandma dying, heShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay On The Glass Castle1607 Words   |  7 Pagesdeserve.†- Unknown. In the book The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls readers are given a front row seat into a family that is constantly being destroyed by the parents. This book allows readers an inside look at having an alcoholic father and an absent mother. There’s no such thing as â€Å"normal†, but society often expects certain things from it’s citizens - things like holding down a job, responsibly raising children, and giving back in some way, but in The Glass Castle, Rex and Rose Mary Walls do noneRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Glass Castle1623 Words   |  7 PagesIn March of 2005, author Jeanette Walls published her second book, The Glass Castle, a memoir of her adventurous childhood family adventures. While The Glass Castle may have not been Jeanette’s first book, she had been writing since she was in middle school and showed a passion for the subject. However, unlike others, Jeanette has an interesting yet beautiful story about how she became the woman she is today. From reckless driving in the western desert at a young age to almost being raped multipleRead MoreA Different Snow White Story Essay examples1011 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, in the original version she uses a looking glass and in the 2012 version she uses a mirror with a reflection of her younger looking self. In both Disney versions when Snow White becomes more beautiful than the queen she sends the huntsman to go kill her and bring back her heart, but in the Brother Grimm version she asks for Snow Whites liver and kidneys. The huntsman is unable to kill her and tells her to run away and never to go need the castle again. This is when the differences really comeRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCore Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics 90 An Exercise for Identifying Aspects of Personal Culture: A Learning Plan and Autobiography 92 SKILL APPLICATION 95 Activities for Developing Self-Awareness 95 Suggested Assignments 95 Application Plan and

Customer Rebates Management

Question: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of rebates for the customer and the manufacturer? Answer: Logistics and Supply Chain Management Disadvantages and Advantages of rebates for the manufactures and customers Customer: Advantage: A program of rebate can help in instilling of brand loyalty and creating awareness for a product. When there is a full refund or coupon to make free purchase then the customers think of purchasing a new product (Bragg, 2013). Disadvantage: When the procedure of the rebate is complex then a customer can simply discard the required verification of the purchases and never mail the rebate. Manufacturer: Advantages to Manufacturer: Rebates help in inducing the prospective customers to try the product. Disadvantages to Manufacturer: Manufacturers due to rebate are not able to keep up with the demand. Mail-in rebates a method to divide the customers in categories Mail in rebates is a type of discrimination. The reason for this is that the lower class people are less likely to redeem the rebates than the educated upper middle-class. Working of Mail-In Rebate The first step in rebate is for the manufacturer who issues offer of rebate to those purchasing the product. The purchaser signs and mails it back to the manufacturer with the UPC to the address specified. The purchasers mainly send this form to the clearinghouses hired by the manufacturers. The time taken for processing is four to eight weeks. The clearinghouse then sends the purchaser the check in the name of the manufacturer (Datta Gulati, 2011). Benefit derived from Supply chain from Mail-in rebate A manufacturer will be able gain profit from the supply chain when the customer does not claim the rebate. Need for customers to Mail in Rebate The customers need to mail in the rebate because then only the manufacturers can understand that the product has been purchased. Ethical for the manufacturer to offer Mail in Rebate It is ethical for the manufacturers to offer Mail- in rebate but the manufacturer must also help the customer to avail the rebate. References Bragg, S. (2013).Accounting best practices. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Datta, S., Gulati, S. (2011).Utility Rebates for ENERGY STAR Appliances: Are They Effective?. ZuÃÅ'ˆrich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CEPE - Centre for Energy Policy and Economics.

Case Study Capital Gains Tax

Question: Case Study: Capital Gains Tax. Answer: On the date of 5th June from the present year, he also sold the share he purchased from the mining company for $ 80,000. On that present year dated 10th January he purchased those shares for the amount of $75,000. In order to purchase he borrowed as loan amount $ 70,000 further also paid interest $5, 000 for the loan. He rather paid $750 as the brokerage in order of sales of shares and also paid the stamp duty $250 for the shares. According to the law of income tax, interest based on a loan is never granted as the part of an acquisition cost. Thus, the loan of interest is never included (Kay 2012). Capital gains are there are the basic difference between the capital and cost of capital tax gain asset acquisition. Three methods of calculating capital gain in accordance to this discount, method is the first and the principal methods which are applicable in the event of gained tax at least before 12 months. The next method is the second method which is explained as the method of indexation and is applicable when there is before that of 21st of September and is applied till at least for 12 months just before the relevant gain on capital tax. The final most method is residual method, and can be applicable when it not exceeds 12 months to held the asset. So it can be stated that these methods are used in computing overall calculation of capital gain (Fischer and Gallmeyer 2014). The properties which are taken before September 20th 1985 are: Sale of residential house or the family house; Any vehicles or motor vehicles; Any acquired property which can collect less than of $500; Any certain amount which can be reimbursed from certain injury (Keohane and Olmstead 2016). Capital losses based on the long term- It is based on long term may set against the term of only capital gain. There is no scope of another possible set off. Further be forwarded to an assessment of indefinite subsequent years and it is only used set off against capital loss of Long Term (Ball 2014). Capital loss based on the short term- It can be regarded as a set off the same sources or rather than from the capital gain of long term. Regarding this, there is a term it which is brought forward as the assessment year subsequently indefinite and the set off is against both long as well as for profit of short term(Rauch and Rijsdijk 2013). We can state that Mr Dave stayed for 30 years in a two-storey flat and that which he bought for $70,000. On June 27 of the present tax year, he sold that building for $ 8, 50,000. There was an auction made on the building and for which the purchaser gave $85,000 as an advance before the purchase. But later it was found that there was no proper fund present with the purchaser to purchase that property. As it can be seen there was a forfeited done with the money and $ 85,000 which was received was charged as income from different sources (Krugman 2014). Capital gain calculation can be The total sale that was proceed was of $8, 65, 000; But there was an exemption which was defined under CST and that includes only home for family (Oulton and Sebasti-Barriel 2013). On 20th September 1985 there was also a purchasing of a pro hart for the price of $ 15,000 and was sold at for the amount of $1, 25, 000. By that Capital Gain can be stated in the follow ways: Sale was proceeded for $ 1, 25,000 Less: Content of cost acquisition 15,000*123.4/71.3 $25,961 There was also purchase of a cruiser in the year of 2004 the amount of which was $1, 10, 000 and later on June 1st of the present year it was sold to a boat broker on the amount of $60,000 (Harding 2013). Hence, the capital gain can be followed as: Proceeds in Sale $ 60,000 Less: Content of cost acquisited $ 1, 10,000. Reference List: Ball, L.M., 2014. Long-term damage from the Great Recession in OECD countries (No. w20185). National Bureau of Economic Research. Barry, V., 2014. Parsing Marriage Penalties: The Irrationality of Tax and Government Benefit Marriage Penalty Jurisprudence. U. Pa. J. Const. L., 17, p.1183. Ferrer, A., Casals, J. and Sotoca, S., 2014. Conditional coverage and its role in determining and assessing long-term capital requirements. Available at SSRN 2447673. Fischer, M. and Gallmeyer, M.F., 2014. Heuristic portfolio trading rules with capital gain taxes. Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming. Fishman, S., 2014. Working for Yourself: Law Taxes for Independent Contractors, Freelancers Consultants. Nolo. Goold, P.R., 2015. Is Copyright Infringement a Strict Liability Tort. Berkeley Tech. LJ, 30, p.305. Harding, M., 2013. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income. Katz, L., 2014. Long-term unemployment in the Great Recession. Members-only Library.

Women Essay Example For Students

Women Essay Sentencing disparities are an equally inequitable derivative of mandatory sentencing which requires increased sentences for crack cocaine violations, while offering flexible alternatives in cases arising from powder cocaine arrests. Powder cocaine is used by predominantly white middle-class or suburban defendants. More than 71 percent of women in federal prison and 35 percent of female state inmates have been convicted of drug offenses, usually involving crack cocaine, which carries mandatory sentences as long as 25 years for first time offenders. Moreover, large numbers of women of color convicted of crack offenses have been charged because of relationships with boyfriends, husbands or other significant males who themselves are statistically more vulnerable to police apprehension and racial profiling. Two cases exemplify the numerous other instances of young African American women doing hard time for minor drug involvement. Kimba Smith, a first time offender in Virginia, was unable to bargain with prosecutors because she could offer no information about the drug dealer with whom she was romantically involved. She was sentenced to federal prison for 24 years without possibility of paroleone year for each of her 24 years of age. Dorothy Gaines, a mother of two minor children and guardian of two grandchildren, is serving a 19-year, seven-month federal sentence without possibility of parole. Many believe she was convicted not because of the scant evidence but because she had no information to offer against her live-in male companion. The Prison Industrial Complex, driven by the momentum of privatized prison construction as an effective rural economic development tool, has become a self-fulfilling prophecy. It encourages more convictions, larger prison populations and longer prison sentences, even though these prisons increasingly have become warehouses for the mothers of black and brown children. In 1995, over $5.1 billion was allocated for new prison construction by federal and state governments, at an average cost of $58,000 for a medium security cell. Additional incarceration costs for each inmate exceed $30,000 annually, an attractive but diabolical income stream for the prison industry. African American and Latina women shoulder another oppressive weight of the criminal justice system. When fathers, sons, brothers and other potential family providers are locked in the jailhouse, the women and children in their lives are locked in the poorhouse.

Multi Disciplinary Team free essay sample

IntroductionWhat is a multidisciplinary team? Multidisciplinary team consist of staff from several different professional backgrounds. Who have ability to focus on different areas of complex problems associated with Intellectual disabilities. These teams respond to clients who need the help of more than one professional position. Multidisciplinary teams are often discussed in the same context as joint working, interagency work, and partnership working. in medical care and community care and Social care. Legislation and policy by governments have contributed to the increased and development of multidisciplinary teams in different areas such as Mental Health, Medical Care, and other areas of society.A multi-disciplinary approach involves drawing from multi discipliners to problem solves issues and rethinking outside the normal boundaries in seeking solutions or new understanding for complex situations. The multidisciplinary team is made up of professionals and carers some are skilled set professionals and others are trained in the skills of careering for the person with intellectual disabilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Multi Disciplinary Team or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each working together to reach the same goal of providing support and help, enabling a person with intellectual disabilities to be able to reach a quality of life that leads to independent livingThe aim of this assignment is to investigate the multi-disciplinary team and what their role is in caring for a person with an Intellectual disability. I will explore the role of the carers members and show an understanding of supports needs by a person with an intellectual disability. By encouraging and promoting positive attitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities will be explored. The intellectual disability I will be investigating will be Autism. As part of the assignment I will focus on care support for a person in a day care setting and the carers giving the care. A vision statement of Volunteers in supporting the person with intellectual disabilities shows what we need to aspire toBeing supported to live a life on ones own terms .Above all people have a deep rooted desire to belong ,to be in relationship ,to live with in the intimacy and security of their family and friends ,to be included in the greater life around them with all its attended possibilities for hope and fulfilment and to do so, to the greater extent possible ,on their own terms .The implications of this simple truth will determine our actions on behalf of all citizens with Intellectual disabilitiesIf we take this vison and ask a person with an intellectual disability what do they want. The probably say I would like to have a feeling of belonging to, have good relationships and the security of their family and friends making choices ,dignity ,and making a contributing to their community and feeling of self-worth .As part of this assignment I will carry out primary and secondary research which will involve an interview with a member of staff in a multi-disciplinary team, I will used information from the internet, journals and books . During my placement in St Cronans I got a better understanding of how the work is carried out by a multidisciplinary team. How their work impact with a person with intellectual disability working in the environment of the day care services. The carers themselves encourage dignity, independence, choice, relationships, self-respect, develop strategies in reduce levels of challenge behaviour. They meet the holistic needs of the person, self-respect, work on low self-esteem. There are many words to describe what is meant as respects for a person with intellectual disability.Irish constitution states all citizens shall be held equal before the law .Respect should be show to all people especially those who are in a care setting whether they have physical or intellectual disabilities . When people are treated with respect they have confidence in themselves and they grow in the confidence they are able to make decision and feel valued in society .It important to talk to the person first and not parents. Always tell the person about their care first as they are adults and should be treated as adults. If they can do things for themselves let them do it, dont say I will do it for you. Often the person will be willing do what they are asked to do. You must take time to get to know the person and their abilities. It will take time for the person to get to know you. Individuals with ID should have choice on how they wish to be cared for. The choice is not all individuals with ID would be in the position to make decisions Some may want to live independently get a job, integrate in the community, some may want to live in residential care setting or attend day care services and other want to continue to live at home. They should have the choice to make their own decision. Whatever decision they make it their choice to make gives them a feeling of control over their own lives.It shouldnt be unexpected for a person with ID to want to have a part or fulltime job to work in a supermarket or a cafà ©, they want to contribute to society. They have the same needs, dreams visions, emotions and feeling as everybody else. They want the same opportunities as everybody else. Having the opportunities to go to school, attend college, training, volunteering, activities in sports, writing, drama, own their own home. They should have the same chance as everybody else living a good life and having a job gives the individual a purpose in life and increase their confidence and self-worthThe individual with intellectual disabilities only have relationship with their parents and immediate family members and paid carer who look after them in the residential for day care centres Their circle of friends is small. Having a relationship with a person other than family is very important especially in the own age bracket gives them feel good factor, allows them to explore new emotions feelings opinions and builds their independence give then a wider circle for communication and building a network of support in making friends. In developing their interest in what friends do in hanging out. Building relationships is important part of people lives and is a way of interacti ng and a feeling of belonging in the community with other people.There are diverse types of intellectual disabilities Some can have mild levels of intellectual Disabilities. they can continue to live at home and attend day services for training and learning new skills i. e. garden, cooking, crafts. Some people might have more serve Intellectual Disabilities and need more professional help while continue to live in a residential care settingFor clients with intellectual disabilities support can come in diverse ways like a residential home such as St Anns where their medical care needs would be met by staff nurses and a programme of doctors, occupational therapist ,physiotherapist, dieticians, dentist, optometrists. For client with less sever intellectual disabilities who have access and can live in community homes where they can do things for themselves. In the community houses the carers assistants instead of the staff nurses who are there to aid the clients in their home environment. The clients can make choice in what they want to eat and what clothes they want to wear. they can go on day trips, shopping used public transport go swimming, walks getting involved in activities this is called social living. If they choose and have the capability to living on their own, they be supported by social worker or they may have support from a day care centre they are attending during the week such as St Cronans in Roscrea. The Mags and her sister Mary and Jenny attend St Cronans day care centre for intellectual disabilities they live in their own home attended by Mary Ryan their carer .She calls to their home in the evenings and in the morning, she provide help in paying their bills ,organising appointments to the dentist , hairdresser, optometrists, doctor and the chiropodist and she help in providing transport plus providing help with shopping .There is the provision of respite for clients who live at home with their parent. The respite can be with another family or in an institutional setting. Allowing the carer and the families a break, or a rest, a time to recharge, the client have a holiday and to engage with other people, change to their routine. People with ID who live independently wi ll always need support for either social workers or from a day care setting. I will investigate the role of a multi-disciplinary team in the overseeing the care of a child with Down Syndrome. When the child is born a multi-disciplinary team will be involved in giving the necessary skills to be able to attend school. The needs of the child will be assessed and the Health Nurse in the community will coordinate with the multi-disciplinary team. i e doctors, occupational therapist, speech therapists, physiotherapist, and the social worker in giving support and services to the child. Once the child reaches the age of five year the child will be assessed by a psychologists and medical doctor to decide on their mental and physical need and the level of care they needTo see if they have any underlined medical problems such as heart defect, hearing impairment, vison impairment. The physiological assessment will be done to evaluate the level of task and their ability to learn this will be important as it a deciding factor as to what school they will attend. The parent decides on what is the best choice for their child receiving the best education to live independently in the future. The child has the choice of attending main steam school or special classes in main steam school this depends on the needs of the child Depending on their disability if the have physical needs a SNA will be giving while attending school.Front Line Staff are social carer employees who work directly with service user including help from volunteers, students, additional staff, According to the HSE the multi-disciplinary staff is the Doctor, Nurses, Social Workers, Psychologists Dietician, Occupational, Speech and Language Therapists, Dentists, Pharmacist.While on work placement in St Cronans I saw at first-hand how important the front-line staff is to the service users in the day care centre in helping them to build skills and support in daily tasks of cooking, gardening, music, reading and computer courses. I spoke with Val and I asked him what was important to the service users. He told me the unit provide a place of care in addressing any issue they might have in hygiene ,looking aft er the weight and diets and simple thing like company most the service users live at home, their circle of friends might only be family members .Val and Sue are in charge of the Green unit and responsible for all the client in the unit. They must see that client get their medication and care needs. They must make sure that client get exercise and fresh air , while I was there most of the client went on their walk around the building three times after lunch, also take part in football games .They also have to keep up with changes to their medicationThe role of the Dietician. Is responsible for the nutritional management of who are referred to themIt is a known fact that people with disabilities are at risk of nutritional problems each service user checked for the weight were given instruction to work on their exerciseThe physiotherapist works to restore the movement and function when somebody is affected illiness for a siabilityPhysiotherapy helps to restore movement and function when someone is affected by injury, illness or disability. It can also help to reduce your risk of injury or illness in the future.It takes a holistic approach that involves the patient directly in their own care.OF THE CONVERSATIONThe Public Health Nurse complements all members of the multidisciplinar y team including the family Doctor by offering additional counseling, co coordinating other team members providing feedback both to the parents and the multidisciplinary teamIn the brief what is required of the Multidisciplinary team and supporting staff is made up of group of health professionals and support workers who work of a care plan in providing the services to the person The multidisciplinary team have import role as a team in meeting the objectives in providing a centered and effective care for the person. By supporting and providing the care and skills set in helping both the parents and the child with Down syndrome to achieve a quality of life and independence that is accredit to a normal child. Without the professional help the child with Down syndrome would not be able to cope with the stresses of life. Within the multidisciplinary team its important that each member communicated with each other regarding the individual person well being The Team worksNow I want to demonstrate thehttps://newyorkessays.com/essay-intellectual-disability/http://www.communitycare.co.uk/2005/10/27/how-to-work-in-multi-disciplinary-teams/http://www.fedvol.ie/_fileupload/Publications/Vision%20Statement%20for%20Intellectual%20Disability%20in%20Ireland%20-%20April%202009.pdfhttps://newyorkessays.com/essay-intellectual-disability/

Akeelah and the Bee Essay Essay Example

Akeelah and the Bee Essay Paper Akeelah Anderson is a immature. 11 twelvemonth old school-age child who is a littlemature and learns at the school of Crenshaw Middle School. She hasdeveloped many new alterations from the beginning of the film until the terminal. Towards the beginning of this narrative. Akeelah was merely a normal schoolgirl. Well. normal significance that she went to school merely like everybody. Although. she wasn’t making rather good in her surveies. First of all. she barely of all time turnedin half of her prep! The instructors at Crenshaw surely didn’t have acrave at all for Akeelah’s pathetic survey wonts. Following. she was accused ofskipping categories which of class. she did but claimed she merely skipped thephysical instruction. or PE categories. True. on her trials she would stand out everytime. Akeelah would neer lose a spelling word and would invariably acquire a large. ruddy A+ marked on her paper. Unfortunately. her attending wasn’t desired. as she was belated about every twenty-four hours. We will write a custom essay sample on Akeelah and the Bee Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Akeelah and the Bee Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Akeelah and the Bee Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Akeelah Anderson was non a really polite miss towards her schoolmates orfamily members. It was her manner whether you liked it or non. If it was difficult. Akeelah wouldn’t privation to make it ; if it was easy. she’d take it into consideration. She had an attitude that wasn’t proper and was disliked. The manner she talked. slang and all. made the instructors around her get 2nd ideas about her. She was ever described as holding possible but non holding any desire ineducation. She failed. at the beginning. to larn that school should alwayscome up foremost before winning any spelling bee. Akeelah Anderson. in myopinion. gave up excessively many times even though the people who fought for herto win cheered her on. During the spelling bee at her school. Akeelah would easy acquire distractedfrom people who would badger her. She didn’t cognize how to stand up forherself but merely fought alternatively of work outing the struggle with good manners. She learns how to stand up for herself when her brother says to her. â€Å"C’monAkeelah. make the spelling bee for Dad. † Akeelah first refuses to vie inthe spelling bee but when she hears that she should make it for her deadfather. she instantly wants to vie. Akeelah Anderson hardly is positive at the beginning of the narrative. Shebarely smiled or laughed at people. When she eventually meets Dr. Larabee. andhe commands her to halt speech production slang. Akeelah’s reply is. † Whatever. †Akeelah hasn’t yet learned how to act with proper manners to an adultespecially one who lost a loved 1. He calls her an impudent kid. andAkeelah hatreds to be called like that. She all of a sudden becomes ill-mannered and talksback to Mr. Larabee. There is a point where Akeelah says her sorry but shedidn’t truly intend it as she stomps off off to her house. When it comes to the Los Angeles School District Spelling Bee. she is stillshy within her milieus. She hasn’t learned yet how to get the better of herfears though finally. Dr. Larabee will. The fact that has been teasing herparents and school staff is that Akeelah merely worries and cares about thespelling bee. Surveies come after spelling bees is Akeelah’s manner of looking atthings. The people who inspired Akeelah to alter her manner and personality wereseveral characters. One of them was Mr. Larabee who helps her to beconfident and non to allow anything acquire in her manner. She starts assuring non tospeak any longer slang. and this is the clip when she genuinely apologizes for theinsult incident that she had created yearss earlier. Mr. Larabee could bedescribed like another male parent for Akeelah Anderson because he neer lether to believe that she was an unemployed also-ran. It was ever positive for him. Georgia. Javier. and Dylan contributed a batch to doing Akeelah alteration hermanners and behaviour. Javier. a spelling bee friend of Akeelah’s. helps her toconcentrate more on her surveies. and he truly puts a bright visible radiation in front ofher significance that he ever makes her smile. In the beginning of the narrative. she would barely smile and believe in herself but with the true religion of herbee friend. Javier. she learned self-respect. In add-on. the manner thatJavier stalled during the spelling bee merely to wait for Akeelah to come backfrom the talk by her ma was merely outstanding work. I mean. Javierdidn’t even win the spelling bee. and he was the 1 who could havemotivated Akeelah into being the reflecting star for everyone and winning thebee. alongside with Dylan. Dylan. the individual who was the other rival of the spelling bee. contributed tonss to Akeelah’s alteration of personality. He gave her confidenceto radiance in the spelling bee since he was her opposition. Since he knew morewords. he gave Akeelah the assurance to larn five-thousand words byherself to win the spelling bee. Now. Akeelah’s best friend Georgia was ahuge impact to Akeelah. She was that best friend who would ever motivateAkeelah by stating her that she can make things even when Akeelah herselfthought she couldn’t. Georgia allowed Akeelah to construct more self-confidenceand to win the spelling bee by her positive comments. Yes. Akeelah the Bee was still an speculative and bombinating kid throughoutthe film. but that was natural. The people who stood beside Akeelahallowed her to derive many things such as assurance and motive. Whetherit was her manager Mr. Larabee. her best friends. Georgia. Javier. Dylan or hermom and pa. she ever knew how to reflect and make what was best for her. Many times Akeelah refused to make things in the beginning and gave up manytoo times. but her friends stood by her side whether it was Akeelah’s toughmoments or easy 1s. They inspired her to travel through all the manner for thespelling bee. and her ma even motivated her to win the spelling bee. Thisspelling bee was Akeelah’s merely opportunity to win it. as she was about traveling todrop out since she did non obey her female parent. Akeelah changed her personalityand manners so that everyone around her would love her. and that was true. Akeelah neer stopped bombinating like a true spelling title-holder bee. Bibliographies: Akeelah and the Bee

buy custom Alexander the Greats Empire essay

buy custom Alexander the Great's Empire essay Alexander III the Great still remains one of the greatest commanders who have ever lived. He was born in 21st July, 356 BC and died in 11th June, 323 BC. He was the King of Macedon whom, at only thirty years of age, had already conquered the biggest empire that any leader can ever imagine. He had conquered Europe and most of Asia. This conquest was however short-lived as he unexpectedly died at age thirty two with fever. His death marked the beginning of fall to his vast kingdom as divisions come up from his various generals. Fight for the control of power led to divisions of this empire. This was something he would have never agreed to if given a chance to do so. This paper seeks to explore reasons why Alexander III the Greats empire fell so fast after his death. He succeeded his father, King Philip II of Macedon, who was assassinated by one of his bodyguards at a wedding ceremony. His mother was Philips fourth wife Olympias who was the King of Epirus daughter. She was Philips principle wife for most of his kingship. Alexander the Great therefore grew in the royal family. In his early life, he had been tutored by Aristotle. He was taught much of arts, war, music, and philosophy. This greatly contributed to his zeal for success. The lessons molded him for the great task ahead. At only sixteen, his father had entrusted him with the army when he was away. Alexander defeated the Thracian neighbors going ahead to establish his first city. He named it Alexandropolis after himself. Alexander had also managed to tame a hostile horse that was to belong to his father Philip. This horse was afraid of the shadow from the sun. Alexander offered himself to tame this horse and superbly succeeded. This made his father to buy him the horse. These were clear signs of the potential Alexander possessed as this only happened at ten years of age. He was therefore destined to be the heir to the throne. Not only was he groomed for this but he was also aware of it and adequately prepared himself for it. He was well taught the act of war, something he well perfected during the battles. King Philip II, his father had entrusted him with commanding the army. He took this opportunity under the guidance of hid father to expand and strengthen the army. This helped the father to easily defeat his enemies. They could go to wars with Alexander controlling one group of soldiers while the father controlling the other. After the death of his father, Alexander took over the throne as an already established soldier. He took time during his previous years to build a very strong army. His father Philip had also been able to establish a very peaceful empire. He took time to diplomatically bring peace among the other parts of his kingdom that had rebelled. This may have a very good beginning for Alexanders as he had little internal battles to fight. He however ordered for the execution of those he thought were a threat to his kingship. He was later given the award of the Greece generalship. This gave him an opportunity to continue with his fathers plans. The late Philip had planned to systematically expand the kingdom. This assured him of his grip on power. Thebes also had refused to acknowledge his authority. He responded by invading it with his army killing all the 6,000 soldiers there. After successfully taking control of Greece, he decided to invade and capture Persia. He succeeded in the first attempt but king Darius of Persia and his army retreated controlled a section of their territory. Alexander and his army went ahead southwards against Egypt. He was welcomed here and was like a liberator for them as they had been under Persian rule for long. He went ahead to the lower Asian territories. After many conquests, he returned with his army to finish out Persia. This is a mission he successfully accomplished. King Darius died in this war. He therefore matched to Babylon and occupied king Nebuchadnezzar IIs palace. He had planned to establish Babylon as the capital of his entire kingdom. This was to be his base as he planned to attack Arabia and North Africa. This plan was however not successfu as he died after a short while. As noted by Depuydt in Die Welt des Orients, Alexander the Great died on 11th June 323 BC in Nebuchadnezzars palace. He had fever following a private drinking party that had been hosted by Medius of Larissa. His fever grew worse by each day bringing worry to the soldiers. By the time he was becoming speechless, his Macedonian soldiers were arranged to pass by him as an honor. The best he could do at this time was to speechlessly wave to them. He later succumbed to this ailment. This was the end to a king who had ambitiously conquered a considerably large empire for himself. As per his plans, he was to continue with this trend to maybe the entire world. The astonishment starts after the death of this great king. The news of his sudden death spread to the unbelief of Greece and other towns. This was to be the beginning of another twist to the Macedonian empire. He had set a different legacy in all the territories he had conquered. He believed in the maintenance of peace through intermarriages. This was seen as he encouraged his soldiers to marry with the natives. He also imported people from other towns to live with the rest. He believed that his empire would be a peaceful one through such coexistence. This was his legacy. By the time of his death, he had not picked an apparent heir to his throne. This was an important factor in his succession. The process of picking the heir was not an easy as their there was no automatic one. The one who could have been one was not yet born. This prompted his generals to fight for his position. Rivalry was evident as each one of them fought to control a section of the empire. Perdicas and Meleager were some of the commanders who were killed in Asia. Later, another general named Antigonas controlled the Macedonian empire. This however did not last long as rivalry still come into surface prompting other commanders to gang against him. He later died in battle. Consequently, the entire Macedonian kingdom was split into four main territories: Macedonia which included Greece was controlled by Cassander; Ptolemy became the king of Egypt; Celeusus become the king of Asia; and Thrace was controlled by Lysimachus. The chaos was experienced depicted that Alexanders mission across the whole his entire empire was not embraced by the rest. He may have not had other allies who embraced his vision. He continued with conquest believing that he brought unity amongst these towns. This was not the case as evidenced by what happens after his death. Civil war broke up in Macedonia as power struggles ensured between different entities. Greece had been occupied by the Macedonians. Greece later planned to free themselves from their rule. They rebelled against them, a decision that started another war known as Lamian War. The Macedonians were defeated and expelled out of Greece. They however went back after getting reinforcement from Craterus. The great Macedonian empire continued with is woes for the next almost fifty years. It was falling never to rise again to the former glory. Later the Romans attacked Macedonia terribly conquering it in 197 BC. It was later to be relegated to become one of the Roman provinces. This was the beginning of Roman Empire. They controlled Macedonia until the 19th century. Rome also conquered Greece at the same period. Egypt was later added to be part of the Roman Empire. As it is pointed out by Knight (2010), those that worked with him never embraced his vision. Alexanders death could have provided them an opportunity to continue with his works. It also comes out that Alexander the Great had written down an organized vision of how he wanted things to happen in the expanded Macedonian empire. All his commanders fail to implement these even after the written document is read to the soldiers. He was wanted the intermarriage between different cities in Europe and Asia. He believed this as the only way to enhance development in these regions. According to him, the family ties created would be an asset in peaceful coexistence. This is the reason he encourages his soldiers to marry andd to have children with the native women. After Alexanders death all these marriages broke proving that they did this out of insistence by the leader. It should also be pointed out that Alexander had his weakness that featured after his death to influence the fall of the Macedonian empire. He was so much authoritative and ambitious that nothing could stand between him and his mission. He was a high tempered and an over reactive person. He could not stand any opposition as those who stood out like him were all done away with. This led him to the execution of all those who may have been the ideal heirs to the throne. This may have also distanced his potential allies from him due to fear. For all those years, he could not have missed to groom someone to be so close to him to take the throne in his absence. His ambition went had limitations. There is on the absolute authority of a leader during this system of ruler ship. It was upon him to ensure that another leader was ready at anytime. His father did that to him but he failed to do the same. An effective government or kingdom must have structures. These structures are based on different levels of management with appointed leaders. Such is the only way to have absolute authority over the subjects. This is missing in Alexander the Greats empire. Unlike his father Philip who was well organized, he failed to organize his vast kingdom. There is no place we see an organized structure of management in all the areas he conquers. His kingdom remains vulnerable as himself and his army continues fighting ahead. This greatly contributed to the fast downfall of his kingdom as he was the only unifying factor. The mention of his name made towns, cities and monarchs surrender. After his death, the loopholes in his rule resurface as rebellion openly emerges. There were no structures put in place to manage the entire Macedonian empire. This led to the civil wars and the divisions of the empire. There had been some disquiet amongst some commanders in Alexanders army just before his death. There was a problem when they had come from the Persian invasion. Many of the soldiers had died on their way back through the desert due to hunger and exhaustion. Alexander held a big victory party after he dismissed 10,000 veteran soldiers to go back to Macedonia. This led to the mutiny by the army, something that enraged him. He then ordered the execution of the ring leader to his bodyguards. This incident created tension in the army and most of his close generals. This may have contributed to the fall out of the generals after his death. Alexander the Great may not have picked a successor like his father did due egoism. He was so much filled with himself and his achievements. He may never imagine anybody to be the king but him. In Persia, he trains the Persian youths in the Macedonian ways. He introduces his own culture in this territory. He recruits these almost 30,000 Persian youths in the army. It also seen that remains with all the children that were born by the Macedonian army men with the native women. He decides to live with them instead of giving them away to their mothers. He works on a plan of coming with a hybrid army that will only be attached to him. He has no thought of bringing other leaders into the picture. This may have distanced some of the leaders from him and the new breed of this army. In conclusion, Alexander III the Great of Macedon was a King who achieved a lot in terms of the military power. He was able to establish the biggest empire for that matter. The success of this empire however vanished with the death Alexander. Immediately after his death, this kingdom encountered upheavals that led to its collapse. It was clear that his death came by surprise as he had not put things in order. He failed to provide a good structure for the unity of the entire empire. As much as he had great vision for this kingdom, it seemed that all those who worked with him had not embraced this. This remains to be part of history that is a lesson to all the present leaders who are so ambitious with their achievements at the expense of the long term stability of their jurisdictions. Buy custom Alexander the Great's Empire essay

10 High Paying Entry Level Construction Jobs (No Degree Required)

10 High Paying Entry Level Construction Jobs (No Degree Required) Want to work a job in construction, but don’t have your college degree? If this is you, then you can get very satisfying work that you may find quite rewarding, albeit physically demanding. Here are the 10 highest paying entry level construction jobs that only require a high school diploma. Some of these jobs might even hire you with just a GED. Construction work is actually higher paid than most jobs that don’t require a college education. So go ahead, make some money.1. Solar voltaic installationThe median pay is just over $40k or so per year. This technology- installing solar panels on roofs and structures- will only get more popular, and jobs more plentiful.2. CarpentryAn oldie but a goodie. Median pay is just under $41k per year to do this classic construction work framing and finishing buildings and other structures.3.  Equipment operationMedian pay for this is just under $43k per year. This heavy machinery is very dangerous to operate, so you make a bit more. B ut if you have the necessary skills and training, go for it.4. Sheet metal workMedian pay for sheet metal work is just above $45k per year. If metal is your medium, this work might be for you.5. IronworkMake median pay of just over $45k per year working with iron and structural steel.6. Plumbing, pipefitting, steamfittingMedian pay for this line of work is upwards of $50k per year, and can cover piping needs for waste, water, gas lines, etc.7. ElectricalElectricians make upwards of $51k per year in median pay. If wiring and lighting are strong points for you, this is a lucrative gig.8.  InspectingConstruction and building inspectors make a median wage of over $56k per year, and are a crucial part of making sure that codes are being followed to the letter.9. BoilermakingBoilermakers can pull in just under $60k per year in median pay installing and repairing boilers and other systems that handle gases and liquids.10. Elevator installation and repairLiterally rise to the top, with a median annual salary over $78k. It’s the highest paid construction gig around, and worth getting in at the ground floor†¦ so to speak.

Creating a Genealogy Research Plan Like a Detective

Creating a Genealogy Research Plan Like a Detective If you like mysteries, then you have the makings of a good genealogist. Why? Just like detectives, genealogists must use clues to formulate possible scenarios in their pursuit for answers. Whether it is as simple as looking up a name in an index, or as comprehensive as looking for patterns among neighbors and communities, turning those clues into answers is the goal of a good research plan. How to Develop a Genealogy Research Plan A major goal in developing a genealogy research plan is to identify what you want to know and formulate the questions which will provide the answers you seek. Most professional genealogists create a genealogy research plan (even if only a few steps) for each research question. The elements of a good genealogy research plan include: 1) Objective: What Do I Want to Know? What specifically do you want to learn about your ancestor? Their marriage date? Spouses name? Where they lived at a particular point in time? When they died? Be really specific in narrowing down to a single question if possible. This helps keep your research focused and your research plan on track. 2) Known Facts: What Do I Already Know? What have you already learned about your ancestors? This should include identities, relationships, dates and places that are supported by original records. Search family and home sources for documents, papers, photos, diaries, and family tree charts, and interview your relatives to fill in the gaps. 3) Working Hypothesis: What Do I Think the Answer Is? What are the possible or probable conclusions that you hope to prove or possibly disprove through your genealogy research? Say you want to know when your ancestor died? You might start, for example, with the hypothesis that they died in the town or county where they were last known to be living. 4) Identified Sources: Which Records Might Hold the Answer and Do They Exist? Which records are most likely to provide support for your hypothesis? Census records? Marriage records? Land deeds? Create a list of possible sources, and identify the repositories, including libraries, archives, societies or published Internet collections where these records and resources can be researched. 5) Research Strategy The final step of your genealogy research plan is to determine the best order to consult or visit the various repositories, considering the available records and your research needs. Often this will be organized in order of the available records likelihood of including the information youre looking for, but may also be influenced by factors such as ease of access (can you get it online or do you have to travel to a repository over 500 miles away) and cost of record copies. If you require information from one repository or record type to be able to more easily locate another record on your list, be sure to take that into account. A Genealogy Research Plan in Action ObjectiveFind the ancestral village in Poland for Stanislaw (Stanley) THOMAS and Barbara Ruzyllo THOMAS. Known Facts According to descendants, Stanley THOMAS was born Stanislaw TOMAN. He and his family often used the THOMAS surname after arriving in the U.S. as it was more American.According to descendants, Stanislaw TOMAN married Barbara RUZYLLO about 1896 in Krakow, Poland. He immigrated to the United States from Poland in the early 1900s to make a home for his family, settling first in Pittsburgh, and sent for his wife and children a few years later.The 1910 U.S. Census Miracode index for Glasgow, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, lists Stanley THOMAS with wife Barbara, and children Mary, Lily, Annie, John, Cora, and Josephine. Stanley is listed as having been born in Italy and immigrating to the U.S. in 1904, while Barbara, Mary, Lily, Anna, and John are also listed as having been born in Italy; immigrating in 1906. Children Cora and Josephine are identified as having been born in Pennsylvania. Cora, the oldest of the children born in the U.S. is listed as age 2 (born about 1907).Barbara and Stanle y TOMAN are buried in Pleasant Hill Cemetery, Glasgow, Reade Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania. From the inscriptions: Barbara (Ruzyllo) TOMAN, b. Warsaw, Poland, 1872–1962; Stanley Toman, b. Poland, 1867–1942. Working HypothesisSince Barbara and Stanley were supposedly married in Krakow, Poland (according to family members), they most likely came from that general area of Poland. The listing of Italy in the 1910 U.S. Census is most likely a mistake, as it is the only record located that names Italy; all others say Poland or Galicia. Identified Sources 1910, 1920 and 1920 census for Stanley Barbara TOMAN/THOMAS in Cambria County, PennsylvaniaPassenger lists for the ports of Philadelphia, PA; Baltimore, MD; and Ellis Island, NY.Marriage records for the children born in PolandSocial Security Death Index and Social Security application records (SS-5) for Barbara and Stanley TOMAN/THOMASNaturalization records for Stanley, Barbara, Mary, Anna, Rosalia (Rose)or John Research Strategy View the actual 1910 U.S. Census to confirm the information from the index.Check the 1920 and 1930 U.S. Census online to see if Stanley or Barbara TOMAN/THOMAS were ever naturalized and to confirm Poland as a country of birth (disprove Italy).Search the online Ellis Island database on the chance that the TOMAN family immigrated into the U.S. through New York City (more likely they came in through Philadelphia or Baltimore).Search for Philadelphia passenger arrivals for Barbara and/or Stanley TOMAN  online at FamilySearch or Ancestry.com. Look for the town of origin, as well as indications of possible naturalizations for any of the family members. If not found in the Philadelphia arrivals, expand the search to nearby ports, including Baltimore and New York.  Note: when I originally researched this question these records were not available online; I ordered several microfilms of records from the Family History Library for viewing at my local Family History Center.Check the SSDI to see if Barbara or Stanley ever applied for a Social Security card. If so, then request an application from the Social Security Administration. Contact or visit the Cambria County courthouse for marriage records for Mary, Anna, Rosalia, and John. If there is any indication in the 1920 and/or 1930 census that Barbara or Stanley was naturalized, check for naturalization documents as well. If your findings are negative or inconclusive when following your genealogy research plan, dont despair. Just redefine your objective and hypothesis to match the new information youve located so far. In the above example, initial findings prompted an expansion of the original plan when the passenger arrival record for Barbara TOMAN and her children, Mary, Anna, Rosalia, and John indicated that Mary had applied for and become a naturalized U.S. citizen (the original research plan included only a search for naturalization records for the parents, Barbara and Stanley). The information that Mary had likely become a naturalized citizen led to a naturalization record which listed her town of birth as Wajtkowa, Poland. A gazetteer of Poland at the Family History Center confirmed that the village was located in the southeast corner of Poland- not too terribly far from Krakow- in the portion of Poland occupied by the Austro-Hungarian Empire between 1772-1918, commonly referred to as Galica. After World War I and the Russo Polish War 1920-21, the area in which the TOMANs lived returned to Polish administration.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Research Paper Example It quickly became apparent to all as soon as the scandal became public that both it and the cause behind it could have been avoided. To try to prevent other corporate scandals and collapses from happening, President George W. Bush signed into law the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, named for its sponsors, which would establish measures for corporate oversight and promise stiff punishments for those that even attempted, knowingly or unknowingly, to engage in corporate fraud (Bumiller, 2002). Promising to hold the top echelon of corporate executives accountable, and overhauling auditing and recording practices, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was declared to be the most far-reaching reform of the United States of America since the time of Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Bumiller, 2002). Enron: From Start, to Scandal The story of what would be one of the largest scandals in history started in 1985, when Enron came into existence as Kenneth Lay combined his company, Houston Natural Gas, with InterNorth Corporatio n to form Enron (National Public Radio, 2002). Hoping to gain further profits and showcase its new status as not just a business but a competitor, Enron started to market what was known as futures contracts or the delivery of natural gas to buyers for a certain price at some point in time in the future (National Public Radio, 2002). Like a giant game of Monopoly, Enron worked the boards buying and selling, building profits while growing the business larger and larger, expanding its business. Unfortunately, the investments and contracts that Enron had become known for by 2001 did next to nothing in terms of earning money. The investments that were made and secured largely were not turning a profit, or even earning a return (National Public Radio, 2002). Enron had invested sums of its own corporate funds in operations that, it had hoped, would provide even more money with which to run the business, thus creating a cycle of profit (National Public Radio, 2002). That money never materia lized, though this was kept secret until Enron filed for bankruptcy. The ensuing scandal brought about major reforms in the way accounting practices and audits were conducted, starting with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Enron and GAAP Violations Above all, the biggest question posed to Enron was, what exactly happened? By all accounts, it appeared to be doing well. Even its own employees did not suspect wrongdoings within the company (Cruver, 2003). Unfortunately, Enron also violated Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), or guidelines set out for the preparation of financial statements, in a number of ways (Cunningham & Harris, 2006). While this was not the entire reason for the collapse of the giant that left many without jobs and executives heading to jail for their actions, the ignorance and violation of GAAP principles may well have been the starting point.

Empress elizabeth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Empress elizabeth - Essay Example At her tender age, German had a significant influence on Russian economic and political development, which she did not welcome. As such, in 1941, she organized a coup that led to the collapse of the emperor of the time, and capture of the emperor family members, which was a major boost to the Russian economic development transition. By then, Russia was independent from its neighbouring countries based on its treaties. According to Madariaga, â€Å"the  conditions  laid  down  by  treaty  when  the  Baltic  provinces  were  first  annexed  by  Russia  in  1712,  Livonia  and  Estonia  were  allowed  to  maintain  their  own  form  of  administration,  social  structure,  religion  and  language† (8). Since her approach to governance was very different from that of the previous governance, many changes were necessary. As such, when she got to power, she obliterated the cabinet system of governance and replaced it with the senate system. To her, the senate system effectively addressed the needs of a majority of the population and thus was more appealing. Moreover, the previous system of governance had failed to realize good results. ... This is because it empowers the citizens with knowledge to make sound decision on various aspects of life, they encounter. In her part, Elizabeth played a major role in improving the literacy level in Russia. Due to her interest in education, she led to the establishment of the first Russian university. This ensured that people who held various positions had a chance to sharpen their skills and thus improve their efficiency in management. In addition, Elizabeth saw the establishment of the academy of art, which was an investment to the Russian economy, and was facilitated by her extensive interaction with foreign policy. The foreign policy was reinforced by Catherine, her successor. According to Madariaga, â€Å"The  basic  orientation  of  her  foreign  policy  was  laid  down  in  the  treaty  of  alliance  with  Austria  in  1726,  while  friendly  relations  were  maintained  with  Britain  and  Denmark† (11). The acade my of art enhanced art skills and thus provided an avenue for the creation of revenue, for both the citizens and government. This saw Russian became a power hub in the European region and thus gained recognition from other well-established nations of the time. According to Madariaga, â€Å"As  a  result  of  the  union  between  the  Empress  Elizabeth  of  Russia  and  the  Empress   Maria  Theresia  of  Austria  in  1746,  Russia  became  one  of  the  leading  powers  in  the  so ­called  diplomatic  revolution  of  1756,  the  change ­over  from  the  traditional  hostility  between  France  and  Austria  to  an  alliance  between  the  two  countries,  supported  by  Russia,  with  the  aim  of  defeating  and  partitioning  Prussia† (12) Significant economic and political success was realized during the

Case study report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Case study report - Essay Example The company built the largest car rental brand in North America. The brand is widely known for low rates that are exceptionally as well as outstanding customer service. The brand has effective product and service offering methodologies in relation to marketing. Regarding the company’s management it has successfully showed tremendous leadership that has enhanced its operations worldwide. Motivation among employees in the company has been achieved thus promoting entrepreneurial spirit among them thus enhancing and encouraging high productivity. Enterprise Car Rental has established a consumer oriented strategy in relation to marketing that is of great importance to success. The company though has been opposed by stiff competitions from its main competitors. Enterprise not only sells services, it also brings an experience that is real in the market industry. A market Development Strategy has been followed by the company rigorously since it has put great effort to an existing p roduct(car-rentals) regarding the new market. Earning of profits that are high in the market that is untapped has been enhanced by the effective strategy. A rapid growth has been depicted in the Enterprise recently. The opportunities in relation to particular segments of market are now realized by competitors. Therefore, they are putting great effort to enormously build up their strengths in those realized branches. New entrants have posed a significant competition in the same segment of market. Therefore, Enterprise is gradually becoming saturated in its Market Development Strategy thus becoming obsolete. There will be no development room in the market soon because of the stiff competition that is slowly lowering demand from its consumers. For the Enterprise to regain its stability in the market context, they should switch over to a more advanced Market Penetration strategy to attempt. Thus, this will help them once again gain market share

What kind of society should the United States strive to become Essay

What kind of society should the United States strive to become - Essay Example Though it presents us with a unique opportunity, it has the potential to work against us if we fail to create a social attitude to accept these differences. There is a fine line we must walk to maintain our cultural differences without labeling a group as being different. Being set too far apart from the larger society runs the risk of many minorities becoming increasingly separated by prejudice and discrimination. The challenge is to incorporate and preserve multi-value systems without the attitude that can develop in a dominant-minority relationship. The multicultural approach views our value system as a diverse set of qualities that defines what it means to be an American. The term mulit-cultural implies that the definition is broad and sweeping, encompassing numerous attitudes and beliefs. The older national approach assumed there were a set of traditional American values at the core of our society. The two approaches are not mutually exclusive. Minority groups adopt the prevailing core values of the society in an effort to become more American. Immigrants may develop values based on our constitution or Ten Commandments without rejecting their own unique perspective and cultural heritage. What is ethnocentrism Can you identify your own ethnocentric feelings Please provide a specific example. Ethnocentrism is the belief that our own values and standards are the true and correct ones and cultural differences are viewed as unusual or inappropriate. Ethnocentrism deems our own judgments and values as morally superior than others, which we view as primitive or barbaric. It is a trait that gives us the sense that 'I am right, they are wrong'. When I see an ethnic grocery store or market in a major American city, I am instantly repelled by the bizarre types of foods and what I perceive as unhealthy conditions. I may not even know what the foods are, but my knowledge that they are different is enough for me to develop the perception that they are inferior to my familiar cheeseburger and french fries. My ethnocentrism is making the judgment without regard to well-reasoned thought. Week 2 Define pluralism and explain the ways in which it differs from assimilation. Why has interest in pluralism increased How have contemporary theorists added to the concept of pluralism Pluralism is the process of maintaining distinct social groups that hold and preserve unique cultural differences and values. Assimilation is the process of becoming a member of another group through social contact. It assumes that when groups interact they will adopt mutual values and goals. Over time, the two groups will merge into one without noticeable differences. Pluralism recognizes that values and ethnic traditions are preserved within a group because they offer value to its members in the way of self-image and group power. Interest in pluralism has increased because real assimilation does not seem to be a practical reality. Ethnic identification has become more pronounced as America becomes more diverse and groups cling to and celebrate their ethnic traditions. It is becoming more accepted that the assimilation predicted by Park and others will not come to pass in the foreseeable

Managament Style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Managament Style - Essay Example There exist divergent types of management styles that includes democratic, autocratic, laissez-faire, paternalistic, informal, participatory and supervisory etc. Depending on organizational setting, a particular style may do well than another. All the above management styles have been summed up by Thepot in three types of leadership in the management literature as follows: the directive leadership, the transactional leadership as well as transformational leadership. It is acceptable that different managers exhibit different styles of leadership in the course of their duty. Authoritarian style This is a style of leadership also known as coercive style of management due to its uncontrollable ways. According to this style, a manager mostly demands compliance through intimidation which is basically where only the manager has a say and his demands goes un opposed. The managers give direction without asking the opinion of his juniors and convince them on how to follow his or her requirements. According to Efere, this method puts pressure on the employees which does not work well in modern business organizations as it attracts rebellion and demoralization of staff and might lead to legal redress for harassment at work place. Nevertheless, the suitability of authoritarian management style is applicable in a crises situation where a decisive measure must be taken. Democratic style A democratic manager seeks to attain his objectives through consulting his staff and coming to a compromise in decision making. When a manager involves and seeks the opinion of his or her staff on serious issues, they create a sense of responsibility and ownership among the staff who feels their contribution is valued. (Efere, 2003). As depicted by Efere (2003) such management style is likely to dispel rebellion within the staff. Nonetheless, this might be problematic in instances where the staffs are against the implementation of an important plan. In spite of this, effective communication is attainable, leading to reduced rebellion within an organization where this management style is applied. Laissez-Faire Style In this type of management style which is also known as permissive style, staff gets little direction or none at all from their managers, thus being allowed to perform their duties freely. This presents to the staff a great sense of empowerment making them feel proud of be ing in charge of their work and confident of working without supervision (Efere, 2003). However it is very advisable that this style of management be applicable where staffs are experienced and highly proficient, interested in working unmanned, trustworthy, and independent experts sourced from outside. The potential problems with this style are: first, feedback from the staff is limited if any, thus the manager is kept in the dark in regard to what is happening in his company. Secondly, it can lead to insecurity and uncertainty within the staff members should the staff be improperly trained and inexperienced. Thirdly, a situation may arise whereby the managers withhold compliments due to the staff since they are not well acquainted with the efficiency of the staff. Lastly, the responsibilities and the role played by the manager are gradually reduced and sometimes their presence is not felt by the staff. Bureaucratic style Efere (2003) argues that Bureaucratic style

The House on Mango Street and A Dream Deferred Essay Example for Free

The House on Mango Street and A Dream Deferred Essay In the short story The House on Mango Street Sandra Cisneros unfolds her childhood memories where she and her family struggled with poor living conditions on the way to their own house, and she seems to suffer from it more than anyone of the family. When one day they finally get the house of their own and her family seems to be ready to settle with it, she continues suffering because its not the house she imagined and built up in her dreams. At that point Cisneros obtains her dream to be fulfilled: she decides that whatever happens, she must have her dream house. Whereas Cisneros talks about a dreams birth, Langston Hughes in his poem A Dream Deferred investigates the destiny of a dream. Predicting what could happen to a dream that is not yet realized, he tries to measure the impact of a dream in our life. At first sight, these two works might seem completely different; however, upon a closer look its obvious that they are closely connected: Cisneros tells us what led her to obtain a dream, whereas Hughes contemplates on continuation of a dreams existence. In The House on Mango Street the author tells us how she found her dream. Her large family had to move all the time in search of a decent place to live. Experiencing what not having her own place is like, moving all the time and being ashamed of her shelters, Sandra Cisneros defines the features of the house of her dream. It has to be not just her own place to live, but also a place that she could be proud of. She describes her dream house: inside it would have real stairs, not a hallway stairs, but stairs inside like the houses on TV; it would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence(501). Moreover, she says it has to be the house one I could point to (Cisneros 502). Even though these features are not necessities for living, the authors own dream becomes her necessity to be fulfilled. In A Dream Deferred the author proposes a lot of theories of a dreams destiny: it may calm down, but still exist. In his words, it dries like a raisin in the sun, or crust and sugar over like a syrupy sweet (Hughes); or it may redouble with the time: fester like a sore- and then run (Hughes), and eventually, it may just explode. But one thing he shows he is sure about that dream deferred never dies; he doesnt even  consider such an option in his poem. Sandra Cisneros describes what caused her to build up her dream, whereas Langston Hughes tries to guess the results of any dreams existence. Cisneros doesnt unveil to us what happened to her dream; in contrast, Hughes gives a lot of options. However, upon a closer analysis we might notice that their ideas are quite similar: Cisneros leaves her future on a readers imagination, and Hughes gives the reader a right to chose from options he gave. And what completely unites them is their belief that dream is immortal. Cisneros proves that by her certainty that she has to have her dream house: I knew then I had to have a house. A real house. (Cisneros 502), and Hughes refutes the traceless disappearance of a dream. From millions of childhood experiences there are some that form our dreams. These experiences can be positive, thus, they will play as a role model throughout our life, or, they can be negative then our dream will be imagined ideal for our future. Whatever it is, once dream is born, it will never disappear; it can become almost indistinct, but still, its influence on us is tremendous. Even though both authors leave the question open, they imply similar ideas of dreams importance in ones life and danger of a dream to be deprived of fulfillment. When we read both works, the final decision is not a question for us: we agree with Hughes that dream doesnt extinct and is made to be fulfilled and we know for Cisneros that shell pursue her goal, because the energy of a dream is absolute. Works Cited: Cisneros, Sandra. The House on Mango Street. 40 Short Stories. Ed. Beverly Lawn. New York: Bedford, 2001 Hughes, Langston. A Dream Deferred.